Īccording to Michel Tibayrenc's Encyclopedia of Infectious Diseases, the first mention of the iconic plague doctor is found during the 1619 plague outbreak in Paris, in the written work of royal physician Charles de Lorme, serving King Louis XIII of France at the time. In France and the Netherlands, plague doctors often lacked medical training and were referred to as ' empirics.' Plague doctors were known as municipal or 'community plague doctors', whereas 'general practitioners' were separate doctors and both might be in the same European city or town at the same time. Plague doctors rarely cured patients instead serving to record death tolls and the number of infected people for demographic purposes. In one case, a plague doctor was a fruit salesman before his employment as a physician. In many cases these doctors were not experienced physicians or surgeons instead, being volunteers, second-rate doctors, or young doctors just starting a career. Some plague doctors were said to charge patients and their families additional fees for special treatments or false cures. Plague doctors had a mixed reputation, with some citizens seeing their presence as a warning to leave the area.

These physicians were hired by cities to treat infected patients regardless of income, especially the poor that could not afford to pay. Ī plague doctor was a physician who treated victims of bubonic plague during epidemics.

His nose-case is filled with herbal material to keep off the plague. 1721, of a plague doctor of Marseilles (introduced as 'Dr Beaky of Rome').

Who created the plague doctor